The 2018-19 versions of some common electric car models display a battery energy density that is 20-100% higher than were their counterparts in 2012. Significant improvements in technology and a wider variety of electric car models on offer have stimulated consumer purchase decisions. Today’s consumer profile in the electric car market is evolving from early adopters and technophile purchasers to mass adoption. Consumer expectations of further technology improvements and new models.With 90% of global electric car sales concentrated in China, Europe and the United States, this affected global sales and overshadowed the notable 50% sales increase in Europe in 2019, thus slowing the growth trend. These actions contributed to a significant drop in electric car sales in China in the second half of 2019, and a 10% drop in the United States over the year. The US federal tax credit programme ran out for key electric vehicle automakers such as General Motors and Tesla (the tax credit is applicable up to a 200 000 sales cap per automaker). China cut electric car purchase subsidies by about half in 2019 (as part of a gradual phase out of direct incentives set out in 2016). Purchase subsidies were reduced in key markets.In particular, China (at 4.9%) and Europe (at 3.5%) achieved new records in electric vehicle market share in 2019. Against this backdrop of sluggish sales in 2019, the 2.6% market share of electric cars in worldwide car sales constitutes a record. In the 2010s, fast-growing markets such as China and India for all types of vehicles had lower sales in 2019 than in 2018. Total passenger car sales volumes were depressed in 2019 in many key countries. Three underlying reasons explain this trend: The 2.1 million electric car sales in 2019 represent a 6% growth from the previous year, down from year-on-year sales growth at least above 30% since 2016. At least 20 countries reached market shares above 1%. Nine countries had more than 100 000 electric cars on the road. By 2019, that number had swelled to 7.2 million, 47% of which were in The People’s Republic of China (“China”).
Only about 17 000 electric cars were on the world’s roads in 2010. Global sales of passenger cars were sluggish in 2019, but electric cars had another banner yearĪfter entering commercial markets in the first half of the decade, electric car sales have soared. In 2019, indications of a continuing shift from direct subsidies to policy approaches that rely more on regulatory and other structural measures – including zero-emission vehicles mandates and fuel economy standards – have set clear, long-term signals to the auto industry and consumers that support the transition in an economically sustainable manner for governments. Ambitious policy announcements have been critical in stimulating the electric-vehicle rollout in major vehicle markets in recent years. As technological progress in the electrification of two/three-wheelers, buses, and trucks advances and the market for them grows, electric vehicles are expanding significantly. 1 Electric cars, which accounted for 2.6% of global car sales and about 1% of global car stock in 2019, registered a 40% year-on-year increase. Sales of electric cars topped 2.1 million globally in 2019, surpassing 2018 – already a record year – to boost the stock to 7.2 million electric cars. Finally, it analyses how off-peak electricity demand charging, dynamic controlled charging (V1G) and vehicle-to-grid (V2G) could mitigate the impact of EVs on peak demand, facilitate the integration of variable renewables and reduce electricity generation capacity needs. It further extends the life cycle analysis conducted in Global EV Outlook 2019, assessing the technologies and policies that will be needed to ensure that EV battery end-of-life treatment contributes to the fullest extent to sustainability and CO2 emissions reductions objectives.
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This edition also features an update on the performance and costs of batteries. The report includes policy recommendations that incorporate learning from frontrunner markets to inform policy makers and stakeholders that consider policy frameworks and market systems for electric vehicle adoption. This edition features case studies on transit bus electrification in Kolkata (India), Shenzhen (China), Santiago (Chile) and Helsinki (Finland). Combining historical analysis with projections to 2030, the report examines key areas of interest such as electric vehicle and charging infrastructure deployment, ownership cost, energy use, carbon dioxide emissions and battery material demand. It is developed with the support of the members of the Electric Vehicles Initiative (EVI). The Global EV Outlook is an annual publication that identifies and discusses recent developments in electric mobility across the globe.
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